International Bank For Reconstruction And Development (IBRD).

ININTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (IBRD).

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is a specialized institution of the World Bank Group, founded in 1944 with the goal of promoting economic development and reducing poverty in middle- and high-income countries. 

The IBRD provides loans, guarantees, and policy advice to governments and public institutions in developing countries. Its focus areas include infrastructure development, education, health, and environmental sustainability. The IBRD also offers technical assistance and advisory services to support its lending activities. 

The IBRD is governed by its member countries, which currently number 189. Each member country is represented on the IBRD’s Board of Governors, which meets once a year. The Board of Governors is responsible for setting the IBRD’s policies and overall direction. 

The IBRD is financially self-sustaining and operates on a commercial basis. It raises funds from international capital markets to finance its lending activities. The IBRD’s capitalization currently stands at approximately $200 billion, of which $100 billion is paid-in capital from its member countries. 

As part of the World Bank Group, the IBRD works closely with other institutions, including the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA). Together, these institutions provide a comprehensive package of financial and advisory services to support economic development in developing countries.